Morphology, Chemical Composition and Spectral Characteristic of "Frozen Soil Material" Mammoth Ivory and Mammoth Molar

In this study, gemmological microscope, ultra-depth-of-field microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, X-ray fluorescence spectrophotometer and Raman spectrometer were used to analyze the morphological characteristics, chemical compositions and spectral characteristics of "frozen soil material" mammoth ivory from Siberia and mammoth molar, to expand the data of previous studies on mammoth ivory. The results showed that the intersection angle of the growth texture and the vertical line of the intersection point of the Retzius is less than 90°. The "frozen soil material" mammoth ivory samples and the mammoth molar samples both contained a lot of P and Ca elements, and the ratio of Sr / Ni + Cu was less than 20.The rich mineral composition of tundra could cause different colours and depths of infiltration on the surface of the mammoth ivory, and affected the structure and pattern of the mammoth ivory. Raman shifts at 960 cm^-1 and 580 cm^-1 indicate the phosphate in mammoth ivory. The dusty blue-black parts on the surfaces, in the cracks and bead holes of the mammoth molar samples were tested by IR spectrometer, which were epoxy resin.The surface was partially covered with colourless transparent film, and the other brown and white parts had the characteristics of mammoth tooth spectral line, indicating the samples to be filled and coated.